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uterine inversion means the placenta fails to detach from the uterine wall, and pulls the uterus inside-out as it exits.

the vaginal ring works in a similar way to the combined oral contraceptive pill to prevent pregnancy.

a rectocele is when the rectum protrudes into the vagina.

female genital cutting or circumcision (fgc) involves the cutting or altering of the external female genital organs.

bacterial vaginosis (bv) is caused by an imbalance of the bacteria normally present in the vagina. includes causes, symptoms, transmission, treatments, prevention and where to get help.

the pelvic floor and associated supporting ligaments can be weakened or damaged in many ways, causing uterine prolapse.

some vaginal cancers have no symptoms in their early stages, and only cause symptoms once they have invaded other parts of the body.

the ligaments and muscles that support the pelvic organs sometimes stretch and cause these organs to drop down. this is called a ‘pelvic organ prolapse’. 

pelvic floor exercises are designed to improve muscle tone and prevent the need for corrective surgery.

vaginal thrush is common. all about causes, symptoms, treatment, prevention and what to do if you keep getting vaginal yeast infections.