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- Birth defects
Information on birth defects, including fact sheets on types of birth defects, risks and genetic screening.
- Urinary system birth defects
Common birth defects of the urinary system include hypospadias, obstructive defects of the renal pelvis and renal agenesis.
- Abdominal birth defects
During fetal development, the diaphragm or abdominal wall may fail to properly fuse, allowing the abdominal organs to protrude.
- Birth defects explained
The cause of birth defects is often unknown, speak to your GP if you are at increased risk of having a baby with a congenital anomaly.
- Digestive tract birth defects
Too much amniotic fluid surrounding the baby during pregnancy (polyhydramnios) may indicate the presence of defects of the digestive tract.
- Central nervous system birth defects
Folic acid taken before conception, and during at least the first 4 weeks of pregnancy, can prevent around 7 out of 10 cases of neural tube defects.
- Drugs, medication and birth defects
It can be dangerous for a pregnant woman to stop taking prescription drugs if she has a medical condition or becomes ill.
- Prader-Willi syndrome
A feature of Prader-Willi syndrome is the child's excessive appetite, which often leads to obesity.
- Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD)
The World Health Organization recommends that pregnant women should avoid alcohol.
- Trisomy disorders
Children affected by trisomy usually have a range of birth defects, including delayed development and intellectual disabilities.