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References used for this fact sheet

  • Hill Dr M, 2009, Maternal effects – smoking, University of New South Wales Embryology. More information here.
  • Alcohol, other drugs and pregnancy: for women who are pregnant/considering pregnancy, 2005, Australian Drug Foundation. More information here.
  • Hofhuis W, de Jongste JC, Merkus PJ, 2003, ‘Adverse health effects of prenatal and postnatal tobacco smoke exposure on children’, Archives of Disease in Childhood, vol. 88, pp. 1086–1090. More information here.
  • Lumley J, Chamberlain C, Dowswell T et al, 2009, ‘Interventions to help women to stop smoking in pregnancy’, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, vol. 3, CD001055. More information here.
  • The health consequences of smoking: a report of the Surgeon General, 2004, US Department of Health and Human Services, Office of the Surgeon General, US. More information here.
  • Scollo MM, Winstanley M, (Eds), 2008, ‘Tobacco in Australia: Facts and issues – Chapter 3. The health effects of active smoking’, third edition, Cancer Council Victoria. More information here.
  • AIHW, 2011. Australia's mothers and babies 2009. Perinatal statistics series no. 25. Cat. no. PER 52. AIHW, Canberra. >More information here.
  • 2010 Surgeon General’s Report – How tobacco smoke causes disease: the biology and behavioral basis for smoking-attributable disease, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, US. >More information here.
  • Dorea JG, 2007, Maternal smoking and infant feeding: breastfeeding is better and safer, Maternal and Child Health Journal, vol. 11, no. 3, pp. 287-291.
  • Ino T, 2010, Maternal smoking during pregnancy and offspring obesity: meta-analysis, Pediatrics International, vol. 52, no. 1, pp. 94–99. >More information here.

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